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KMID : 0365819640040020161
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Journal of Pusan Medical College
1964 Volume.4 No. 2 p.161 ~ p.187
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A Morphological Study on the Aorta in Korean Infant
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Hahn Kap-Soo
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Abstract
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Using 326 Korean infants the author has made the study on the incidence, the level of origin, the caliber and the growth pattern of the caliber of the aorta and its primary branches. Concerning growth patterns of the caliber the author arbitrarily classified them into 9 types. The results are as follows:
The average length of the aorta is 17.5cm. The caliber of the ascending aorta, the aortic isthmus, the upper part of the abdominal aorta and the lower part of it shows 7.9 mm, 6.4 mm;5.7 mm and 3.6 mm having the growth of their calibers related to jj , l VI and Vll type respectively.Ia 61.1% of 226 cases the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta lies at the level of the 4th lumbar vertebra.
2, In 63.6% of 219 cases the left coronary artery originates and in 88.1% the right originates in the aortic sinus.
The left coronary has the origin in the aortic sinus in 63.5% of 219 cases and the right in 88.1% of them. It is observed that 3.2% of the cases has two right coronary arteries. The average caliber of the left coronary shows 2.0 mm and the right 1.7 mm. The growth patterns of both show I type.
The adipose artery is observed in 36.6% of 161 cases and in 59.4% it originates in the right aortic sinus.
3. 91.2% of 238 cases posesses the three main branches of the aortic arch and next in incidence 2.5% of them shows that the brachiocephalic and the left common carotid artery form the common stem.
4. In all cases the brachiocephalic artery originates from the aortic arch showing 4.9 mm of the average caliber and (V type of the growth pattern of the caliber.
5. In all cases the left subclavian artery originates from the aortic arch and the right from the brachiocephalic artery. The average caliber of the former shows 3.8 mm and that of the latter 3.5 mm, both having IV type of the growth pattern.
6. The right common carotid artery originates from the left subclavian artery in all cases and the left common carotid artery originates from the aortic arch except 2 cases: one forms the common stem with the left subclavian artery and the other with the left vertebral artery. The average calibre of the left common carotid artery shows 3.8 mm and the right 3.7 mm,both having )V type of the growth pattern.
7. In 50.7% of 211 cases the left and the right bronchial artery have the only one origin from the thoracic aorta. In 46.3% the right bronchial artery stands at the level of the 4th thoracic vertebra and in 37.9% the left at the .5th thoracic vertebra. Both show the average caliber of 0.7±0.08 mm,
8. In 60.3% of 209 cases has only one esophageal artery. 36.1% of 194 esophageal arteries comes from the aorta the level of the 8th thoracic vertebra, showing the highest incidence, and the average caliber of the artery is 0.59±0.02 mm.
9. The superior phrenic artery originates from the aorta in 10.5% of 218 cases and its average caliber shows 0.8 mm (Max. 1.3 mm and Min. 0.2 mm).
0. The average caliber of the 3rd left and right intercostal arteries shows 0.9 mm and that of the 7th intercostal 1.0 mm, both having ´(´V of the growth pattern. The right and the left 1st lumbar artery show the average caliber of 0.8 mm with I type of the growth pattern. The average caliber of the left 4th lumbar shows 0.8 mm and that of the right lumbar 0.9 mm with I type of the growth pattern.
In 54.8% of 217 cases the inferior phrenic artery originates from the abdominal aorta. In 53.3% the inferior phrenic artery stands at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra and its average caliber shows 0.94.0.01 mm.
2. In 91.8% of 219 cases posseses the typical celiac artery and in 25.9% it stands at the level of the lower one third of the 12th thoracic vertebra, showing the highest incidence which tends to decline as the age grows. The average caliber of the celiac artery is 2.8 mm, having N type of the growth pattern.
3. In one of 213 cases the superior mesenteric artery forms the truncus celiaco-mesentericus with the celiac artery. In 25.4% the origin of the superior mesenteric artery has the level of the upper one third of the 1st lumbar vertebra showing the highest incidence which tends to decline as the age grow. The artery has the average caliber of 3.3 mm and Jj type of the grwoth pattern.
4, The middle suprarenal arteries their left origin from the aorta in 96.3% of 193 cases and their right one in 74.6% of them. The highest incidence is observed in that the left branch in 21.9% and the right one in 22.1% originate at the level of the 1st lumbar vertebra, showing the average caliber of 0.9 mm and V type of the growth pattern.
The left renal artery in 88.4% of 302 cases and the right one in 88.7% shows the only one origin from the aorta. The left renal artery originate in 28.0% of 200 cases and the right one in 23.0% of 191 cases at the level of the first lumbar vertebra showing the highest incidence. The incidence shows little change as the grows. The average caliber of the left is 2.7 mm and that of the right 2.2 mm with CJ type of the growth pattern.
16. The left and the right internal spermatic artery (or ovarian artery) originate from the abdominal aorta in 99.5% of 200 cases showing the average caliber of 0.6 mm and type of the growth pattern in both. The former in 48.5% and the latter in 43.0% of 200 cases originate at the level of the 2nd lumbar vertebra.
17. In all cases the inferior mesenteric artery originates from the abdominal aorta. In 26.0% of 215 cases it originates at the level of the upper one third of the 3rd lumbar vertebra. This figure shows the highest incidence, which tends to decline as the age grows. It shows the average caliber of 1.7 mm and 111 type of the growth pattern.
18. In 90.9% of 209 cases the middle sacral artery originates from the posterior part and at the level just above the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta. The artery shows the average caliber of 0.6 mm and V type of the growth pattern.
19. Both common iliac arteries show the average caliber of 2.8 mm and VII type of the growth pattern.
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